Impedance control analysis of ultra-fine coaxial beam in high-speed signal transmission

With the development of electronic devices towards high speed and miniaturization, high-precision interconnection solutions have become the core requirement of design. In fields such as consumer electronics, automotive electronics, and communication equipment, ultra-thin coaxial cable bundles (micro coaxial cable) have become the preferred solution for high-speed signal transmission due to their lightweight structure and excellent electrical performance. In high-speed data links, impedance matching is a key factor affecting signal integrity and system reliability. This article will analyze the three aspects of impedance matching principles, microstructure design, and application importance to help understand the advantages and design points of ultra-thin coaxial cable bundles in high-speed transmission.


 

What is impedance matching
Impedance matching refers to the characteristic impedance of the transmission line being consistent with the source and load impedance. In high-speed signal transmission, if there is impedance discontinuity, the signal will be reflected, leading to waveform distortion, eye diagram closure, and even data errors. For high-speed digital signals, even minor mismatches can reduce link performance. Therefore, in high-speed interface design (such as MIPI, HDMI, LVDS, etc.), impedance matching is the basic condition for ensuring stable signal transmission.


 

Control of Impedance for Ultra-Fine Coaxial Beam
The basic structure of the extremely fine coaxial cable bundle includes the inner conductor, dielectric layer, shielding layer, and outer sheath. Its characteristic impedance is mainly determined by the following factors:
• Conductor diameter: The larger the inner conductor diameter, the lower the impedance; the smaller the diameter, the higher the impedance.
• Medium material and thickness: The dielectric constant of the medium affects the speed of propagation of electromagnetic waves, thereby determining the size of the impedance.
The distance between the shielding layer and the conductor: The closer the shielding layer is to the inner conductor, the lower the impedance; the impedance increases as the distance increases.
By precisely controlling these structural parameters, ultra-fine coaxial beam bundles are typically designed as 50Ω or 45Ω to meet the requirements of high-speed signal transmission for different applications.

The importance of impedance matching
In practical applications, impedance matching is directly related to signal integrity and system stability:
• Signal reflection and superposition will increase transmission jitter;
• Eye diagram closure at the receiver, reduced signal quality;
• In severe cases, it may lead to data transmission errors, affecting the overall system performance.
Therefore, in the selection, layout, and PCB transition area design, strict attention needs to be paid to impedance parameters, and the impact of impedance discontinuity can be reduced by optimizing the connector interface and trace design. The ultra-fine coaxial cable bundle, with its controllable impedance design and excellent shielding performance, plays a key role in high-speed signal transmission. Understanding and reasonably applying the impedance matching principle can not only ensure signal integrity but also effectively enhance the overall reliability and stability of the system.

The performance advantages of extremely fine coaxial cable束 in high-speed data transmission originate from precise structural design and strict impedance control. By optimizing the size of the inner conductor, dielectric materials, and the layout of the shielding layer, a stable characteristic impedance can be achieved, effectively avoiding signal reflection and waveform distortion. In high-speed interfaces, miniature devices, and complex circuit environments, reasonable impedance matching and shielding design can ensure signal consistency, reduce error rates, and enhance the overall stability of the system. Therefore, micro coaxial cable is a reliable choice for modern high-speed signal interconnection.

I am[Suzhou Huichengyuan Electronic Technology],Long-term focused on the design and customization of high-speed signal cable harnesses and ultra-fine coaxial cable harnesses, committed to providing customers with stable and reliable high-speed interconnection solutions. For more information or customization needs, please contact:Manager Zhang 18913228573 (WeChat same number)。